Six Key Components of Health Promotion

Health, according to the World Health Organization, is “a condition of total health and not just the absence of illness and infirmity”. Various definitions have been applied to health over the years. It has been said that health is the sum of happiness and well being; by extension, health is considered to be complete and total, and there is nothing more to it. According to some, health is a state of total well being in the sense that a person can be at his happiest when he is healthy. It is also believed that health is a state of mind, in which the individual enjoys all the basic needs of life without fear of illness or disease.

According to another definition, good health would be the reduction of all disabilities through prevention, cure, and medical treatment. According to another, good health would be viewed from the perspective of the family as the reflection of the society and as a source of pride. A third definition maintains that good health is the result of a combination of good nutrition, regular physical activity, and limitation of nonessential exposure to hazardous substances. The Family Planning Association has put forth a policy that views family planning as a part of the health system; therefore, any action undertaken to prevent disease or protect against adverse health affects is viewed in the most positive light.

According to the fourth definition of health, a state of total physical, mental and social well being is attained when all of the resources of life are available to the person for the maintenance of these three states. In order to attain this state, it is necessary to avoid all causes of disability and to live in an environment that gives the person all the opportunities for development, growth, and well being. In addition, it is necessary to have a good diet and get plenty of rest. Life should be full and enjoyable.

The fifth state of health and well being is considered to be the result of the reduction of all risk factors that reduce health. These risk factors include the existence of infectious diseases, the presence of chronic conditions, and the influence of environmental toxins on health. When any of these determinants become present, the chances of getting disease increases. Thus, it is necessary to reduce these risk factors to achieve a state of wellness.

The sixth state of health and well-being is considered to be the result of the maintenance of a balanced diet and regular physical activity. This would include measures such as reducing the intake of animal products, minimizing the consumption of sugar, minimizing the consumption of tobacco, and including more foods that are rich in fiber. These measures will result in the reduction of unhealthy habits and thereby increase the chance of achieving a state of wellness.

Research studies have proven that health can be influenced by using a social determinant model. The results of the research studies showed that health could be improved through the use of a social determinant model. According to this model, “health can be improved through the use of a social determinant”, and, “A health system that improves the health of its citizens is one that can expect to achieve long-term gains”. As such, health promotion involves identifying the current state of health and using appropriate tools to promote health.